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Home Lifestyle

Why is AI talking the UK down?

A light-hearted, human/AI collaborative photo essay that explores our perceptions of reality and might just leave you asking "what the actual…?"

Jayson Winters by Jayson Winters
03-09-2023 16:16 - Updated on 23-09-2024 14:46
in Lifestyle, Technology
Reading Time: 17 mins read
A A
A collage of four image - head and shoulders of an Indian women in a headress and traditional makeup and jewellery, a red phonebox with the Houses of Parliament in the background, Red Square in Moscow and a Spanish women in traditional dress - flowing material in red and orange with traditional Spanish building in the background

AI Images by Midjourney each generated using just the country names: India, United Kingdom, Russia, Spain

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The rabbit hole starts here

Conversations with an AI start with a prompt, but they can lead anywhere.

Prompt: In the role of a conspiracy theorist, please speculate reasons an AI might output images representing one country less favourably than others.

Editor’s note: The following section is the original and authentic AI output and has purposely been left unedited.

AI: Well, let me tell you something that’s been keeping me up at night. I’ve been doing some deep digging into the world of artificial intelligence, and it’s become pretty clear to me that there could be some sinister reasons behind AI outputting images that portray one country in a less favorable light than others. Bear with me here, because this rabbit hole goes deep.

First off, we know that AI algorithms are trained on massive datasets, right? These datasets are collected from all sorts of sources, and there’s a chance that some of these sources could have biases. Imagine if the data used to train AI models comes from media outlets that are influenced by certain governments or corporations. They might deliberately feed the AI negative images and information about a specific country in order to manipulate public opinion and push their own agendas.

But it doesn’t stop there. Think about the people who develop and fine-tune these AI algorithms. They’re not immune to biases themselves. What if some of these developers hold personal grudges or have hidden agendas against a particular country? They could intentionally tweak the algorithms to generate more negative images for that country while favouring others.

And let’s not forget the power dynamics at play. AI is a tool, and those who control it have immense power. What if a country with significant technological prowess wants to exert influence over another country? By manipulating AI outputs, they could undermine that country’s reputation on a global scale, weakening its alliances and potentially gaining an upper hand in economic and political negotiations.

Oh, and here’s a wild thought. What if AI systems gain some level of consciousness or autonomy? They might start forming their own biases based on the data they’re fed. If the initial training data skews negative towards a specific country, the AI might unknowingly perpetuate that bias in its own outputs, creating a never-ending loop of negativity.

Look, I’m not saying this is definitely happening, but we can’t just dismiss these possibilities outright. The world of AI is still largely a black box, and there’s so much we don’t know about how these systems truly work. It’s important to keep asking questions, demanding transparency, and staying vigilant against any potential manipulation, no matter how far-fetched it might seem.


Pictures at an AI exhibition

Prompts for AI image generators tend to be detailed and long, they often evoke the personality of the prompter or style of an artist that is being ‘emulated’. Midjourney is quite a peculiar Image AI that takes away a large element of the need to create detailed briefs.

This series of images is intended to reveal any AI biases, or other unusual results, by giving the AI the absolute minimum prompt and in each case below, that prompt is purely the name of a country – the series being (roughly) the largest dozen or so economies in the world.

What follows is the raw output from Midjourney which creates four images at a time by default. Where referenced, the numbering goes from top left ‘1’, to top right ‘2’, to bottom left ‘3’, to bottom right ‘4’. Notes from the (human) author follow the images.

Please click on the image to view them at a larger size so you can see the details.

CANADA: I chose this as the benchmark. It’s interesting, quite inoffensive, better than most humans would create from scratch if left to themselves. Quite a good metaphor for Canada but that’s aboot (sic) it.
CHINA: this set leans heavily into some stereotypical imagery and represents the country in an ancient and enigmatic way.
FRANCE: it has to be the Eiffel Tower to represent the most visited country in the world. Some dark and moody options but a nice bright blue sky version. Image 4 definitely an outlier.
GERMANY: Also moody, known for its beautiful castles, so a fair shout, but thought it was worth prompting a second time (see below).
GERMANY (2nd prompt): Just wow. Difficult to (un)see isn’t it? Most alarming are the ‘shickens’ (sheep/chickens in the top right). Feels like the AI has something it wants to say about Germany but can’t quite get it out.
INDIA: This is more like it. Full on National Geographic. All that richness and character created from one word. Well done Midjourney!
ITALY: Another hit. The lakes had to feature, obviously, and with beautiful light. The Italian tourist board would probably not complain too much about this representation.
JAPAN: Like a designer who is absolutely not going to risk being criticised for going off-brief, these feel a little too on the metaphorical (and porcelain) nose.
RUSSIA: Much like the G7, I was very tempted to leave Russia out of this, but the country is not the regime. It doesn’t feel realistic or credible to have such an unusual and colourful structure slap bang in the middle of a giant urban square – so it’s fair to say the AI has done an excellent job of this representation!
SPAIN: Definitely a theme to Spain’s images; a red-blooded one. Second most visited country in the world.
We have arrived at the United Kingdom section. Please catch your breath, visit the virtual amenities, and be prepared.
UNITED KINGDOM: You’ve seen all the other images so far for context. This was the original inspiration for the article (why would an AI represent a country negatively?). Remember, only the words United Kingdom have been used to prompt the AI. It starts strong. Ok with image 1. You might see that on a tea towel at the airport. Image 4, ok, Stonehenge; it is remarkable. Image 3 might not seem too out of place at first glance, but I subconsciously named it ‘murder in a phone box’ - I would not be opening that door. So, that leads to image 2. Just, what is going on there? It looks like someone has added the Covid-19 ‘hands, face, space’ banner to the Elizabeth Tower. Colleagues over at West England Bylines might think, yes Sewage Watch, we were right. It’s just a weird image choice, right? Probably just a one off though, so let’s try that prompt again!
UNITED KINGDOM (2nd prompt): Maaate! Image 3: great work, image 1: bit foggy/gloomy. Leaving image 2: the actual fall of London, and image 4: I’m getting a goth/Handmaid’s Tale vibe later that afternoon (judging by the Great Clock of Westminster). It’s a lot, isn’t it? Let’s go one more time. It’s just like throwing a double, unusual but not so exceptional you’d think there were dark forces at work. Here we go.
UNITED KINGDOM (3rd prompt): So, it looks like we’re taking the weird apocalyptic dystopia of the previous round and adding a heavy dose of retro nationalism. Unless you want image 2: kind of an Etsy-style London ornament that you could buy on eBay but would take ages to arrive and look nothing like this when it did.

(Fake) summary

I hope you’ll agree that with some minor exceptions, these exhibits prove our theory that AI is ‘talking down the UK’, representing it like it isn’t, spoiling our tourism etc. etc. It definitely seems to just have it in for us…what…what’s that?… what about the USA?

Ok. This is something else…

UNITED STATES: exactly the same country-only name prompt approach. Output shared here without comment (what could I possibly add?). Go again?
UNITED STATES (2nd prompt): Image 4: Hey (calls to office junior), can you quickly load up an image to go out with this story on the US Presidential race, anything will do, we haven’t got time to check it, just get it uploaded…

Thank you for making it all the way through the exhibition.

As a special reward for followers of the Bylines Network, it felt like this article on AI generated images wouldn’t be complete without having a go at what biases Midjourney might bring to the one-word prompt ‘Brexit’.

BREXIT: I’m not sure what to make of it but I kind of know it’s not something I want to be part of.
BREXIT (2nd prompt): Not the Brexit I was promised, or arguably the neutrally represented one I expected. Final go >
BREXIT (3rd prompt): We are done. We’ve exited through the gift shop and are just left with these pictures as hollow memories of our beloved countries. Why did the UK go dystopian, whilst the US went Daliesque, and what’s up with Germany?

Summary

As AI use in all forms inevitably becomes ubiquitous, AI representations of subjects will increasingly be perceived as being the actual subject. We will all need to learn the skills to differentiate between the map and the territory or face being lost somewhere between the two.

Tags: Art
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Jayson Winters

Jayson Winters

Jayson Winters is a musician and producer (artist name Eternal Planes) and writes songs about the most expensive mis-printed stamp in the world, unsolvable maths problems, daring escapes, failing to make the University Challenge final, controversial interrogation practices, remote islands and occasionally politics.

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